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A little understood cost of trading options in the US
Cash penalties introduced under the Settlement Discipline Regime (SDR) are working, early data and anecdotal evidence show. With market participants already incentivized to get their post-trade in order, mandatory buy-ins could introduce fresh risks into the process.
Regulators have suspended RTS 27 reporting and are considering scrapping the requirement to produce RTS 27 and RTS 28 reports altogether. These reports are designed to show the extent to which investors in the U.K. and EU receive best execution for their trades, and they do have some issues in their current form. Instead of scrapping them altogether however, we advocate for making them more useful and less cumbersome to produce.
Portfolio compression is a post-trade balance sheet reduction technique in which two or more counterparties terminate some (or all) of their open interest in derivative contracts, simplifying the management of positions. This frees up valuable capital that would otherwise be held unnecessarily against offsetting positions that could be compressed. The end goal of compression is a cleaner portfolio, with less complexity and enhanced capital efficiencies, allowing for healthier and safer derivative markets.
Beginning with an order, all the way through to clearing and settlement, here’s what you need to know about how billions of shares change hands every day.
Well-designed price controls are key in our view to preserving orderly and efficient markets. Given their complexity, we present this overview of the various mechanisms in place across U.S. exchanges.
What do long/short positions in call options mean? An investor that buys call options benefits when the price of the underlying asset is higher than the strike price of the option at expiry. The writer of the call option has the opposite pay-off potential and receives a fixed option premium when they sell the contract.
An investor that buys put options benefits from this position when the price of the underlying asset is lower than the strike price of the option at expiry. Conversely, if at expiry the price of the underlying asset is higher than the strike price, the option expires with no intrinsic value and the investor’s loss is equal to the option premium paid.
Besides buying or selling single options, there are many other possible strategies that involve positions in multiple options simultaneously, as well as combining options with positions in the underlying assets.
Besides buying or selling single options, there are many other possible strategies that involve positions in multiple options simultaneously, as well as combining options with positions in the underlying assets.